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The persecution and murder of six million Jews is the defining crime of the Nazi regime. This lesson examines the escalation from legal discrimination to industrialised genocide and the historiographical debate about whether the Holocaust was planned or evolved through cumulative radicalisation.
Key Definition: The Holocaust (or Shoah) refers to the systematic murder of approximately six million European Jews by the Nazi regime, 1933–1945.
| Tradition | Contribution |
|---|---|
| Social Darwinism | Life as racial struggle |
| Eugenics | 'Racial improvement' through selective breeding |
| Anti-Semitism | Christian anti-Judaism combined with modern racial theories |
| Volkisch nationalism | Glorification of German 'Volk' and blood and soil |
| Date | Measure |
|---|---|
| 1 Apr 1933 | Boycott of Jewish businesses |
| 7 Apr 1933 | Jews dismissed from civil service |
| 15 Sept 1935 | Nuremberg Laws: Jews stripped of citizenship; intermarriage banned |
| 1937–38 | 'Aryanisation' — forced sale of Jewish businesses |
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