Expansionist Nationalism and Ethnic Nationalism

This lesson examines two of the most destructive forms of nationalism: expansionist nationalism and ethnic nationalism. These strands demonstrate how nationalism can be perverted from a progressive force for self-determination into an aggressive, exclusionary, and even genocidal ideology.

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Expansionist Nationalism

Definition

Expansionist nationalism is a form of nationalism that seeks to extend the nation's power, territory, and influence beyond its existing borders. It goes beyond self-determination (governing yourself) to domination (governing others).

Core Features

Feature	Description
National superiority	The nation is believed to be inherently superior to others — in culture, race, or destiny
Territorial expansion	The nation has a right (or duty) to expand its territory to include all members of the nation, or to acquire resources and strategic advantages
Militarism	Military power is central to national greatness; war is glorified as a test of national strength
Imperialism	The nation has a mission to civilise or dominate other peoples
Chauvinism	Extreme, irrational loyalty to the nation, combined with contempt for other nations

Historical Examples

1. German Expansionism (19th–20th century)