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This lesson examines the nature and protection of rights in the UK, including the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), the Human Rights Act 1998, and the ongoing debate about civil liberties.
Rights are entitlements that citizens hold, which the state is obliged to respect and protect. They may be legal rights (enforceable by law) or moral rights (based on ethical principles but not necessarily enforceable).
| Type | Definition | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Civil liberties | Freedoms from government interference | Freedom of speech, freedom of assembly |
| Political rights | Rights to participate in the political process | Right to vote, right to stand for office |
| Legal rights | Rights enforceable through the courts | Right to a fair trial, right to legal representation |
| Human rights | Universal rights held by all people | Right to life, freedom from torture |
| Social and economic rights | Rights to a minimum standard of living | Right to education, right to healthcare (contested in UK law) |
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