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This lesson covers how organisms are classified into groups based on their characteristics, how classification systems have changed over time, and why species become extinct. These are key topics in the AQA GCSE Combined Science Trilogy specification (8464).
Classification is the process of organising living organisms into groups based on their similarities and differences. It helps scientists to:
Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778) developed a hierarchical system of classification that is still used today. Organisms are sorted into groups within groups, from the largest (kingdom) to the smallest (species):
graph TD
A["Kingdom<br/>(largest group)"] --> B["Phylum"]
B --> C["Class"]
C --> D["Order"]
D --> E["Family"]
E --> F["Genus"]
F --> G["Species<br/>(smallest group)"]
style A fill:#bbdefb,stroke:#1565c0
style B fill:#c8e6c9,stroke:#2e7d32
style C fill:#fff9c4,stroke:#f9a825
style D fill:#ffccbc,stroke:#d84315
style E fill:#e1bee7,stroke:#6a1b9a
style F fill:#b2dfdb,stroke:#00796b
style G fill:#ef9a9a,stroke:#c62828
You can remember the order using: King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti
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