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Evolution by natural selection is one of the most important ideas in biology. This lesson covers Darwin's theory, the evidence for evolution, and how natural selection leads to the development of new species. This is a core topic in the AQA GCSE Combined Science Trilogy specification (8464).
Evolution is the gradual change in the inherited characteristics of a population over many generations. It may lead to the formation of new species through a process called speciation.
Evolution occurs because of natural selection — organisms with characteristics best suited to their environment are more likely to survive, reproduce and pass on their alleles to the next generation.
Charles Darwin (1809–1882) developed the theory of evolution by natural selection after his famous voyage on HMS Beagle. His key observations and conclusions were:
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