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Building a serverless application that works in development is one thing — running it reliably in production is another. This lesson covers the operational best practices, monitoring strategies, security hardening, performance optimisation, and cost management techniques that separate prototype-quality serverless applications from production-grade systems.
Cold starts are the most common performance concern in serverless. Apply these techniques:
| Technique | Impact | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Use lightweight runtimes (Node.js, Python) | High | Free |
| Reduce deployment package size | High | Free |
| Initialise SDK clients outside the handler | High | Free |
| Use Provisioned Concurrency | Very High | Paid |
| Avoid VPC unless necessary | Medium | Free |
| Use ARM64 (Graviton2) architecture | Medium | 20% cheaper |
// GOOD: Initialise outside the handler (runs once during INIT)
import { DynamoDBClient } from '@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb';
import { DynamoDBDocumentClient, GetCommand } from '@aws-sdk/lib-dynamodb';
const client = DynamoDBDocumentClient.from(new DynamoDBClient({}));
const TABLE = process.env.TABLE_NAME;
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