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Azure's global infrastructure is one of the largest in the world. It spans more than 60 regions, hundreds of data centres, and a vast fibre-optic network that connects them all. Understanding how Azure organises this infrastructure — into regions, availability zones, and edge locations — is essential for designing resilient, performant, and compliant solutions.
At the highest level, Azure groups its infrastructure into geographies. A geography is a discrete market, typically defined by geopolitical boundaries, that contains one or more Azure regions. Geographies ensure that data residency, sovereignty, and compliance requirements are respected.
Examples of Azure geographies:
Each geography typically contains at least two regions paired together for disaster recovery purposes.
An Azure region is a set of data centres deployed within a latency-defined perimeter and connected through a dedicated regional low-latency network. Each region is a separate geographic area.
Key characteristics of Azure regions:
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