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This lesson covers titration calculations — a Higher tier topic required by the Edexcel GCSE Chemistry specification (1CH0). Titrations combine practical technique with quantitative chemistry and are a common source of extended calculation questions in the exam.
A titration is an experimental technique used to find the exact volume of one solution needed to react completely with a known volume of another solution. It is most commonly used for acid-base reactions.
By knowing the concentration of one solution and measuring the volumes carefully, you can calculate the unknown concentration of the other solution.
| Item | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Burette | Measures the volume of solution added (to ±0.05 cm³) |
| Pipette (usually 25.00 cm³) | Measures a precise, fixed volume of solution |
| Conical flask | Where the reaction takes place |
| Indicator (e.g. phenolphthalein or methyl orange) | Shows the end point (colour change) |
| White tile | Placed under the conical flask to see the colour change clearly |
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