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Google Cloud Platform operates one of the most advanced and extensive cloud infrastructures in the world. It is built on the same global network that powers Google Search, YouTube, and Gmail — a network that carries approximately 40% of the world's internet traffic daily. Understanding how GCP organises this infrastructure — into regions, zones, and its private global network — is essential for designing resilient, performant, and compliant solutions.
At the foundation of GCP's infrastructure is Google's private global network. This network consists of thousands of miles of fibre-optic cable — including subsea cables that span oceans. When data travels between GCP regions, it stays on Google's private backbone and does not traverse the public internet.
Key benefits of Google's network:
Google operates over 180 points of presence (PoPs) globally, which are used for caching content (Cloud CDN) and providing network edge services.
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