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This lesson covers the concentration of solutions as required by the AQA GCSE Chemistry specification (4.3.3). You need to be able to calculate concentration in g/dm3, convert between cm3 and dm3, and (at Higher Tier) work with concentration in mol/dm3. Understanding concentration is essential for titration calculations and for many practical chemistry applications.
The concentration of a solution tells you how much solute is dissolved in a given volume of solvent (or solution). A solution with a lot of solute dissolved is described as concentrated; one with very little solute is described as dilute.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Solute | The substance that dissolves (e.g. salt, sugar, acid) |
| Solvent | The liquid the solute dissolves in (usually water) |
| Solution | The mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent |
| Concentration | The amount of solute per unit volume of solution |
In chemistry, volumes are measured in cm3 (cubic centimetres) or dm3 (cubic decimetres, also known as litres).
1 dm3 = 1000 cm3 = 1 litre
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