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Computers store everything as binary numbers, so text characters (letters, digits, symbols) must also be represented using binary codes. This lesson covers the two main character encoding systems: ASCII and Unicode.
A character set is a defined list of characters that a computer can recognise and store. Each character in the set is assigned a unique binary code (a number). The character set determines which characters are available and how many bits are needed to store each one.
ASCII was one of the earliest character encoding standards, developed in the 1960s. It was designed primarily for the English language.
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