Network Topologies (Star, Bus, Mesh, Ring)

A network topology describes the layout or arrangement of devices (called nodes) and connections (called links) in a network. The topology affects the network's performance, reliability and cost.

You need to know four topologies for GCSE Computer Science: star, bus, mesh and ring.

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Star Topology

In a star topology, every device is connected to a central switch or hub by its own dedicated cable. All data passes through the central device.

How it works

• Each device has a direct connection to the central switch.
• When Device A wants to send data to Device B, it sends the data to the switch, which then forwards it to Device B.
• The switch uses MAC addresses to direct data to the correct device.

Advantages of star topology