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On the night of 25–26 October 1917 (7–8 November by the Western calendar), the Bolsheviks seized power in Petrograd, overthrowing the Provisional Government. Unlike the spontaneous February Revolution, the October Revolution was a planned coup organised by Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky. This lesson examines how and why the Bolsheviks came to power for AQA GCSE History.
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, the leader of the Bolsheviks, had been in exile in Switzerland when the February Revolution occurred. In April 1917, the German government helped him return to Russia in a sealed train (Germany hoped Lenin would take Russia out of the war).
On his arrival in Petrograd in April 1917, Lenin issued his April Theses — a set of radical demands.
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