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Tropical rainforests are the most biologically diverse and productive ecosystems on Earth. For AQA GCSE Geography, you need to understand their global distribution, climate, soil, and structure in detail. This lesson covers the physical characteristics that make tropical rainforests unique.
Tropical rainforests are found in a band around the Equator, roughly between the Tropics of Cancer (23.5°N) and Capricorn (23.5°S). The largest areas of tropical rainforest are found in:
| Region | Key Countries | Notable Forest |
|---|---|---|
| South America | Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador | Amazon Rainforest |
| Central Africa | Democratic Republic of Congo, Cameroon, Gabon | Congo Basin Rainforest |
| Southeast Asia | Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea | Borneo and Sumatra Rainforests |
Smaller areas also exist in Central America, West Africa, Madagascar, and northern Australia.
The location is directly linked to atmospheric circulation. At the Equator:
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