Monitoring and Best Practices

A CI/CD pipeline does not end at deployment. Monitoring production, tracking pipeline health, and fostering a CI/CD culture are essential for long-term success. This lesson covers observability, pipeline metrics, and best practices for mature CI/CD adoption.

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Post-Deployment Monitoring

Deploying code is only half the job. You need to know if the deployment is working correctly in production.

The Four Golden Signals

Google's SRE team defines four key metrics for monitoring any system:

Signal	What It Measures	Example
Latency	How long requests take	p50: 50ms, p99: 200ms
Traffic	How much demand is on the system	1,000 requests/sec
Errors	Rate of failed requests	0.1% error rate
Saturation	How full the system is	CPU at 70%, memory at 85%

Monitoring Stack