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System administration covers the day-to-day tasks of maintaining a Linux system — managing disks, monitoring performance, reviewing logs, and securely connecting to remote servers. This lesson brings together the essential tools and practices.
df -h # show filesystem disk usage (human-readable)
df -h / # show usage for a specific mount point
du -sh /var/log # show total size of a directory
du -sh /home/* # show size of each user's home directory
du -h --max-depth=1 /var # show size of immediate subdirectories
lsblk # list block devices (disks and partitions)
lsblk -f # include filesystem information
sudo fdisk -l # detailed partition information
blkid # show UUID and filesystem type
Example lsblk output:
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk
├── sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi
├── sda2 8:2 0 95G 0 part /
└── sda3 8:3 0 4.5G 0 part [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 50G 0 disk
└── sdb1 8:17 0 50G 0 part /data
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