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Network Access Control (NAC) is the security discipline that determines which devices and users are allowed to connect to the network and what level of access they receive. It enforces security policies at the point of connection — before a device can send or receive any data.
Without NAC, any device plugged into a network port or connecting to Wi-Fi gains immediate access:
| Risk Without NAC | Consequence |
|---|---|
| Rogue devices connect freely | Attackers plug in a laptop and access the network |
| Unpatched devices join the network | Vulnerable systems introduce risk to the entire network |
| No visibility into connected devices | Cannot inventory or monitor what is on the network |
| BYOD devices uncontrolled | Personal devices may carry malware |
| Compliance failures | Cannot demonstrate device-level access controls |
NAC evaluates devices and users at the time of connection and applies policies based on the results:
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