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Algebra is the branch of maths where we use letters to stand for unknown numbers. It lets you write general rules and solve problems where you don't know all the values yet. This topic is introduced in Year 6.
A variable is a letter that stands for a number we don't know yet (or that can change).
An expression is a combination of numbers, variables, and operations.
Evaluating an expression: replace the variable with a given value and calculate.
A formula shows the relationship between variables. You substitute (plug in) known values to find unknown ones.
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