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Ratio and proportion questions are a favourite on the SET 11+ maths papers. They test your ability to compare quantities, scale recipes, share amounts fairly, and solve problems involving maps and models. On Stage 2, you will need to show clear working for every step. This lesson covers everything you need to know.
A ratio compares two or more quantities. It tells you how much of one thing there is compared to another.
| Example | Ratio | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 3 red balls and 5 blue balls | 3 : 5 | For every 3 red, there are 5 blue |
| £10 shared between Amy and Ben as 2 : 3 | 2 : 3 | Amy gets 2 parts, Ben gets 3 parts |
Important: Ratios do not tell you the actual amounts — they tell you the relative amounts.
Simplify a ratio by dividing both sides by their highest common factor (HCF).
Example: Simplify 18 : 24
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