You are viewing a free preview of this lesson.
Subscribe to unlock all 10 lessons in this course and every other course on LearningBro.
In the previous lesson, you learned that ¹H NMR reveals the number of hydrogen environments and the relative number of hydrogens in each. Now we explore two further layers of information: chemical shift values (which tell you what type of environment each hydrogen is in) and spin-spin splitting (which tells you about neighbouring hydrogens).
The chemical shift (δ) at which a hydrogen signal appears is determined by the electron density around that hydrogen. Electronegative groups withdraw electron density, deshielding the hydrogen and moving it to higher δ (downfield). Electron-donating groups increase shielding and move the signal to lower δ (upfield).
You must learn these ranges for the exam:
Subscribe to continue reading
Get full access to this lesson and all 10 lessons in this course.