Quadratic and Other Graphs

Beyond straight lines, GCSE Mathematics requires you to recognise, plot, and interpret quadratic graphs, cubic graphs, reciprocal graphs, and exponential graphs. This lesson covers all the graph types in the Edexcel GCSE (1MA1) specification.

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Key Vocabulary

Term	Meaning
Parabola	The U-shaped (or ∩-shaped) curve of a quadratic graph
Turning point (vertex)	The highest or lowest point on a parabola
Line of symmetry	The vertical line through the turning point
Root	Where the graph crosses the x-axis (y = 0)
Asymptote	A line that a graph approaches but never reaches

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Quadratic Graphs: y = ax² + bx + c

Shape

• If a > 0: the parabola opens upward (U-shape) — it has a minimum turning point.
• If a < 0: the parabola opens downward (∩-shape) — it has a maximum turning point.

Key Features