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Node pools are groups of nodes within a GKE cluster that share the same configuration — machine type, disk type, OS image, labels, and taints. They give you fine-grained control over the compute resources available to your workloads, allowing you to run different types of workloads on different types of hardware within the same cluster.
A node pool is a set of identically configured Compute Engine VMs. Every GKE cluster has at least one node pool (the default pool), and you can add additional pools with different configurations. Each pool can be independently scaled, upgraded, and configured.
| Use Case | Node Pool Configuration |
|---|---|
| General workloads | e2-standard-4, auto-scaling 1–10 nodes |
| Memory-intensive | n2-highmem-8 for databases and caching |
| GPU workloads | n1-standard-4 with NVIDIA T4 GPU for ML training |
| Spot/preemptible | e2-standard-4 with spot VMs for batch processing |
| Windows containers | Windows Server node pool for .NET applications |
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