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The final lesson in the Migration, Empires and the People course examines how migration has continued to shape Britain from the late 20th century to the present day. Britain is now one of the most culturally diverse nations in Europe, and debates about migration, identity, and belonging remain central to public life.
| Period | Migration |
|---|---|
| 1970s | Ugandan Asians (expelled by Idi Amin, 1972); Vietnamese "boat people" (refugees from the Vietnam War); continued South Asian and Caribbean migration |
| 1980s--1990s | Refugees from conflicts in Somalia, Afghanistan, Iraq, the former Yugoslavia (Bosnian War), and elsewhere |
| 2004 | EU enlargement: citizens of eight new EU member states (including Poland, Lithuania, and the Czech Republic) gained the right to work in Britain; large-scale migration from Eastern Europe followed |
| 2010s | Continued EU migration; Syrian refugees; migration from sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia |
| 2020s | Post-Brexit immigration rules; new visa categories; migration from Hong Kong (following political crackdowns) |
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