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Sustainability is the idea of meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. For AQA GCSE Geography, you need to understand how cities can become more sustainable and be able to discuss specific examples of sustainable urban living.
A sustainable city (or eco-city) is one that manages its resources, waste, transport, and energy in ways that minimise environmental damage and maximise quality of life — not just for current residents, but for future generations.
Sustainable urban living involves improvements across several key areas:
| Area | Sustainable Approach |
|---|---|
| Energy | Renewable energy sources; energy-efficient buildings |
| Transport | Public transport; cycling; walking; electric vehicles |
| Water | Water conservation; rainwater harvesting; recycling grey water |
| Waste | Reduce, reuse, recycle; waste-to-energy; composting |
| Green spaces | Parks, urban forests, green roofs, community gardens |
| Food | Local food production; urban farming; reducing food miles |
| Housing | Eco-homes; insulation; sustainable building materials |
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