Plural Nouns

German has five main plural patterns. The plural article is always die, regardless of the singular gender. Unlike English, simply adding "-s" works only for loanwords.

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The Five Patterns

#	Ending	Umlaut?	Example
1	-e	sometimes	der Tisch to die Tische; der Stuhl to die Stühle
2	-er	often	das Kind to die Kinder; das Buch to die Bücher
3	-en/-n	never	die Blume to die Blumen; die Frau to die Frauen
4	-s	never	das Auto to die Autos; das Hotel to die Hotels
5	— (none)	sometimes	der Lehrer to die Lehrer; die Mutter to die Mütter

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Pattern 1: Add -e