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Conditional sentences (Bedingungssätze) express what would happen if something were true. In German, these sentences use wenn (if) and the Konjunktiv II. This lesson covers real vs unreal conditions and how to construct them correctly.
These describe situations that can or might actually happen. They use the normal indicative mood:
These are real possibilities — they could genuinely happen.
These describe situations that are hypothetical, unlikely, or impossible:
Wenn + subject + ... + Konjunktiv II (at end), würde + subject + ... + infinitive
Wenn ich mehr Zeit hätte, würde ich ein Buch schreiben.
If I had more time, I would write a book.
Wenn er hier wäre, könnten wir ihn fragen.
If he were here, we could ask him.
Subject + würde + ... + infinitive, wenn + subject + ... + Konjunktiv II (at end)
Both patterns mean the same thing.
You can omit wenn by placing the verb at the beginning of the clause:
This sounds slightly more formal or literary but is common in writing.
In the wenn-clause, prefer hätte, wäre, könnte, etc. over würde:
Good: Wenn ich mehr Geld hätte, ... Avoid: Wenn ich mehr Geld haben würde, ...
In the main clause (the result), use würde + infinitive for most verbs:
Do NOT use würde in both clauses:
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