Days, Months, and Seasons

Being able to talk about days of the week, months, and seasons is fundamental for making plans, scheduling appointments, and having everyday conversations in Spanish. One important difference from English is that days and months are not capitalised in Spanish.

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Days of the Week (Los Días de la Semana)

Spanish	English	Abbreviation
lunes	Monday	lun.
martes	Tuesday	mar.
miércoles	Wednesday	mié.
jueves	Thursday	jue.
viernes	Friday	vie.
sábado	Saturday	sáb.
domingo	Sunday	dom.

Key Points About Days

• No capitals: Unlike English, Spanish does not capitalise days of the week: lunes, not Lunes.
• Masculine nouns: All days are masculine: el lunes, los viernes.
• "On" a day: Use the definite article el (singular) or los (plural, for habitual actions):
  • El lunes tengo una reunión. -- On Monday I have a meeting.
  • Los sábados voy al gimnasio. -- On Saturdays I go to the gym.
• Plural form: Only sábado and domingo change in the plural: los sábados, los domingos. The rest stay the same: los lunes, los martes.

Cultural note: In Spain and most Spanish-speaking countries, the week starts on Monday (lunes), not Sunday. Calendars reflect this.

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Months of the Year (Los Meses del Año)

Spanish	English	Abbreviation
enero	January	ene.
febrero	February	feb.
marzo	March	mar.
abril	April	abr.
mayo	May	may.
junio	June	jun.
julio	July	jul.
agosto	August	ago.
septiembre	September	sep. / sept.
octubre	October	oct.
noviembre	November	nov.
diciembre	December	dic.

Key Points About Months

• No capitals: Like days, months are not capitalised: enero, not Enero.
• Masculine nouns: All months are masculine: el próximo enero, en febrero.
• "In" a month: Use the preposition en:
  • Mi cumpleaños es en agosto. -- My birthday is in August.
  • En diciembre hace mucho frío. -- In December it is very cold.

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Seasons (Las Estaciones)

Spanish	English	Months (Northern Hemisphere)
la primavera	spring	marzo, abril, mayo
el verano	summer	junio, julio, agosto
el otoño	autumn / fall	septiembre, octubre, noviembre
el invierno	winter	diciembre, enero, febrero

Key Points About Seasons

• Use the preposition en with seasons: en verano (in summer), en invierno (in winter).
• Primavera is feminine; verano, otoño, and invierno are masculine.
• You can also say durante el verano (during the summer) or en la primavera (in the spring).

Important: In the Southern Hemisphere (Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, parts of Peru, etc.), the seasons are reversed. December is summer, and July is winter!

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Dates (Las Fechas)

How to Write Dates

Spanish dates follow the format day / month / year, which is different from the American English format (month / day / year).