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Adverbs (adverbios) modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. They tell us how, when, where, how much, or to what extent something happens. Spanish adverbs are versatile and essential for adding detail and nuance to your sentences.
The most common way to form an adverb in Spanish is to add -mente to the feminine singular form of an adjective. This is similar to adding "-ly" in English.
| Adjective (Masc.) | Feminine Form | Adverb | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| rápido | rápida | rápidamente | quickly |
| lento | lenta | lentamente | slowly |
| tranquilo | tranquila | tranquilamente | calmly |
| perfecto | perfecta | perfectamente | perfectly |
| claro | clara | claramente | clearly |
| completo | completa | completamente | completely |
| fácil | fácil | fácilmente | easily |
| frecuente | frecuente | frecuentemente | frequently |
| feliz | feliz | felizmente | happily |
| normal | normal | normalmente | normally |
Note: If the adjective has only one form for both genders (like fácil, frecuente, feliz), simply add -mente to that form.
The original accent mark on the adjective is preserved when adding -mente:
When two or more -mente adverbs are listed together, only the last one keeps the -mente ending. The others use the feminine adjective form:
Many of the most frequently used adverbs in Spanish are irregular — they have their own forms and do not follow the -mente pattern:
| Adverb | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| bien | well | Cocina muy bien. |
| mal | badly | Canta mal. |
| así | like this/that, so | Hazlo así. |
| despacio | slowly | Habla despacio, por favor. |
| deprisa / rápido | quickly | Corre muy rápido. |
| mejor | better | Ahora me siento mejor. |
| peor | worse | Hoy estoy peor. |
Note: Rápido can function as both an adjective and an adverb in colloquial speech: Corre rápido. (He runs fast.) This is very common in everyday Spanish.
| Adverb | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| mucho | a lot, much | Trabajo mucho. |
| poco | a little, not much | Come poco. |
| muy | very | Es muy inteligente. |
| bastante | quite, enough | Es bastante difícil. |
| demasiado | too much | Habla demasiado. |
| más | more | Quiero más. |
| menos | less | Duermo menos. |
| tanto | so much | ¡No corras tanto! |
| casi | almost | Ya casi llego. |
| apenas | barely, hardly | Apenas puedo ver. |
| solo / solamente | only | Solo quiero agua. |
Muy vs Mucho: Muy modifies adjectives and adverbs (muy grande, muy bien). Mucho modifies verbs (trabajo mucho) and nouns (mucho dinero). Never say
mucho grandeormuy trabajo.
| Adverb | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ahora | now | Ahora estudio. |
| hoy | today | Hoy es lunes. |
| mañana | tomorrow | Mañana viajo. |
| ayer | yesterday | Ayer llovió. |
| siempre | always | Siempre llego a tiempo. |
| nunca / jamás | never | Nunca como carne. |
| ya | already, now | Ya he terminado. |
| todavía / aún | still, yet | Todavía no he comido. |
| pronto | soon | Llegarán pronto. |
| tarde | late | Llegué tarde. |
| temprano | early | Me levanto temprano. |
| antes | before | Llegué antes que tú. |
| después | after | Después vamos al cine. |
| luego | then, later | Luego te llamo. |
| mientras | while | Cocino mientras escucho música. |
| a veces | sometimes | A veces llueve aquí. |
| a menudo | often | A menudo leo por la noche. |
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