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Type 3 analogy questions test a distinct skill: your ability to identify a transformation from one shape to another and then apply that same transformation to a new shape. This lesson provides a step-by-step method for solving these questions reliably, with extensive worked examples.
Note everything about it:
Note the same features.
Compare A to B. List every difference you can see:
Formulate a clear statement: "A was [transformed] to become B."
Example: "A was rotated 90° clockwise and changed from black to white."
Take Shape C and apply every part of the transformation:
The result should match one of the four options. Select it.
A: A right-angled triangle with the right angle at the bottom-left, hypotenuse running from top-left to bottom-right. Shaded black.
B: The same triangle rotated 90° clockwise — right angle now at the bottom-right. Still black.
Transformation: 90° clockwise rotation. No colour, size, or other changes.
C: An L-shape oriented with the long arm pointing up and the short arm pointing right.
Apply transformation to C: Rotate the L-shape 90° clockwise → long arm now points right, short arm points down.
Select the option showing this rotated L-shape.
A: A large circle containing a small triangle. The circle is black, the triangle is white.
B: A large circle containing a small triangle. The circle is white, the triangle is black.
Transformation: Colour inversion — black becomes white, white becomes black. No change in shape, size, or position.
C: A large square containing a small circle. The square is black, the circle is white.
Apply transformation to C: The square becomes white, the circle becomes black.
Select the option showing a white square containing a black circle.
A: A small arrow pointing to the upper-right (↗).
B: A large arrow pointing to the upper-left (↖).
Transformation: Two changes:
C: A small arrow pointing to the lower-right (↘).
Apply transformation to C:
Select the option showing a large arrow pointing to the lower-left (↙).
A: One black circle.
B: Two grey circles (the original circle changed to grey, and a second grey circle was added).
Wait — was the original circle changed to grey AND a new grey circle added? Or were both always grey? The transformation must be unambiguous.
Revised: A: One black circle. B: One grey circle, one black circle (the original changed from black to grey, and a new black circle was added).
Transformation:
C: One black triangle.
Apply transformation to C:
Result: One grey triangle, one black triangle.
A: A small black square in the top-left corner of the box.
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