6 exam-style questions with full mark schemes and model answers. Write your own answer and the AI examiner marks it against the mark scheme.
A driver is travelling along a straight, dry road at a steady speed when a child steps into the road ahead. The driver reacts, brakes, and the car comes to a stop. The total stopping distance is made up of the thinking distance and the braking distance.
Explain how the driver's reaction time and the braking force determine the stopping distance of the car, and describe how the thinking distance and braking distance would each change if the same car were driven faster, and if the road surface were wet and icy instead of dry. (6 marks)
A cyclist rides along a straight, level road. The velocity–time graph of the journey is described by the readings in the table below. The motion has three stages: a steady acceleration, a period at constant velocity, and a steady deceleration to rest.
| Time / s | Velocity / m/s |
|---|---|
| 0 | 0 |
| 10 | 8 |
| 20 | 8 |
| 30 | 8 |
| 40 | 0 |
(a) Calculate the acceleration of the cyclist during the first 10 seconds. Use the equation a=tΔv. Show your working and give the unit. (2 marks)
(b) The distance travelled is equal to the area under the velocity–time graph. Calculate the total distance travelled by the cyclist over the whole 40 seconds. (2 marks)
A car of mass 1100 kg is travelling along a straight, level road. The forward driving force from the engine is 3300 N and the total resistive force (friction and air resistance) acting against the motion is 1100 N.
(a) Calculate the resultant force acting on the car. (1 mark)
(b) Using your answer to part (a), calculate the acceleration of the car. Use the equation F=ma. Show your working and give the unit. (2 marks)
A motorcycle starts from rest and accelerates uniformly along a straight track. After accelerating, it reaches a velocity of 24 m/s having travelled a distance of 144 m.
(a) Using the equation v2=u2+2as, calculate the acceleration of the motorcycle. Show your working and give the unit. (3 marks)
(Note: the motorcycle starts from rest, so the initial velocity u=0.)
(This question is targeted at Higher tier.)
A trolley of mass 2.0 kg moves in a straight line at a velocity of 3.0 m/s along a frictionless track.
Calculate the momentum of the trolley. Use the equation p=mv. Show your working and give the unit. (2 marks)
Physical quantities can be classified as either scalar or vector quantities.
State what is meant by a vector quantity, and give one example of a vector quantity. (1 mark)