6 exam-style questions with full mark schemes and model answers. Write your own answer and the AI examiner marks it against the mark scheme.
Learn this properly: Scalars, Vectors and ForcesA car is travelling along a straight, level road at a steady speed. The driver sees a hazard and reacts by applying the brakes; the car slows down and stops.
The total stopping distance is made up of the thinking distance and the braking distance.
Describe and explain, in terms of forces and energy, what happens during the thinking distance and the braking distance. In your answer explain two factors that would increase the braking distance. (6 marks)
A trolley of mass 1.5 kg rests on a smooth, level bench. A student pushes it with a constant resultant force so that it accelerates.
(a) The resultant force on the trolley is 6.0 N. Calculate its acceleration. Use F=ma. Show your working and give the unit. (2 marks)
(b) The same trolley is now taken to the Moon, where the gravitational field strength is 1.6 N/kg. Calculate the weight of the trolley on the Moon. Use W=mg. (2 marks)
A car accelerates uniformly along a straight, level test track. It starts at a speed of 8.0 m/s and reaches a speed of 20 m/s after travelling a distance of 112 m.
Calculate the acceleration of the car. Use the equation v2=u2+2as. Show your working and give the unit. (3 marks)
A student hangs weights from a spring to investigate Hooke's law. The spring obeys Hooke's law throughout the test. When a force of 12 N is applied, the spring extends by 8.0 cm.
(a) Calculate the spring constant in N/m. Use F=ke. Show your working and give the unit. (2 marks)
(b) State what is meant by the limit of proportionality. (1 mark)
Speed is a scalar quantity, whereas velocity is a vector quantity.
(a) State the difference between a scalar and a vector quantity. (1 mark)
(b) A runner completes exactly one lap of a 400 m circular running track, finishing back at the start line. State the runner's total distance travelled and their overall displacement, and briefly explain the difference. (1 mark)
A cyclist travels a distance of 600 m along a straight road in a time of 50 s.
Calculate the cyclist's average speed. Use v=ts. Show your working and give the unit. (1 mark)