True / False / Not Given Questions

True / False / Not Given (TFNG) questions are among the most common — and most challenging — question types in the IELTS Academic Reading test. Many candidates struggle with distinguishing between "False" and "Not Given." This lesson provides a clear framework, worked examples, and strategies for consistent accuracy.

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Understanding the Three Options

Each statement must be classified as:

• TRUE — The statement agrees with the information in the passage.
• FALSE — The statement contradicts the information in the passage.
• NOT GIVEN — There is no information in the passage about the statement, or the passage neither confirms nor denies it.

The Critical Distinction: False vs. Not Given

This is where most mistakes happen. Here is the key rule:

FALSE means the passage says the opposite of the statement. NOT GIVEN means the passage says nothing about the statement, or there is insufficient information to determine whether it is true or false.