Yes / No / Not Given Questions

Yes / No / Not Given (YNNG) questions appear less frequently than True / False / Not Given but are often considered more difficult. While TFNG deals with factual information, YNNG deals with the writer's views, claims, and opinions. Understanding this distinction is critical for Band 7+.

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The Key Difference: Facts vs. Opinions

Question Type	What It Tests
True / False / Not Given	Whether a statement matches the factual information in the passage
Yes / No / Not Given	Whether a statement matches the writer's views or claims

This means you need to identify not just what the passage says, but what the writer thinks, believes, argues, or recommends.

The Three Options

• YES — The statement agrees with the views or claims of the writer.
• NO — The statement contradicts the views or claims of the writer.
• NOT GIVEN — It is impossible to determine the writer's view on this from the passage.

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Identifying the Writer's Views

Academic passages often present multiple viewpoints. Your job is to distinguish: