Futuro Semplice: Irregular Stems

Several of the most common Italian verbs have irregular stems in the futuro semplice. The good news is that the endings remain exactly the same as for regular verbs (-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno). You only need to memorise the modified stems.

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The Three Groups of Irregular Stems

Irregular future stems fall into three categories based on how they change:

Group 1: Drop the Vowel (Contracted Stems)

These verbs lose the vowel from the infinitive ending, creating a shorter stem:

Infinitive	Irregular Stem	io Form
avere (to have)	avr-	avrò
potere (to be able)	potr-	potrò
dovere (to have to)	dovr-	dovrò
sapere (to know)	sapr-	saprò
vedere (to see)	vedr-	vedrò
vivere (to live)	vivr-	vivrò
cadere (to fall)	cadr-	cadrò
andare (to go)	andr-	andrò

Group 2: Replace the Vowel with Double R

These verbs replace the final vowel of the stem with rr:

Infinitive	Irregular Stem	io Form
volere (to want)	vorr-	vorrò
venire (to come)	verr-	verrò
tenere (to hold/keep)	terr-	terrò
rimanere (to remain)	rimarr-	rimarrò
bere (to drink)	berr-	berrò

Group 3: Completely Irregular Stems

Infinitive	Irregular Stem	io Form
essere (to be)	sar-	sarò
fare (to do/make)	far-	farò
dare (to give)	dar-	darò
stare (to stay/be)	star-	starò

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Full Conjugation: Essere (To Be)

Subject	Conjugation	English
io	sarò	I will be
tu	sarai	you will be
lui/lei/Lei	sarà	he/she will be
noi	saremo	we will be
voi	sarete	you all will be
loro	saranno	they will be

Examples

• Domani sarò a casa tutto il giorno. — Tomorrow I will be at home all day.
• Sarai pronto per le otto? — Will you be ready by eight?
• La festa sarà fantastica! — The party will be fantastic!
• Saremo in ritardo se non ci sbrighiamo. — We will be late if we do not hurry.

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Full Conjugation: Avere (To Have)

Subject	Conjugation	English
io	avrò	I will have
tu	avrai	you will have
lui/lei/Lei	avrà	he/she will have
noi	avremo	we will have
voi	avrete	you all will have
loro	avranno	they will have

Examples

• Avrò tempo domani. — I will have time tomorrow.
• Avrai bisogno di un cappotto. — You will need a coat.
• L'anno prossimo avremo una casa nuova. — Next year we will have a new house.

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Full Conjugation: Andare (To Go)

Subject	Conjugation	English
io	andrò	I will go
tu	andrai	you will go
lui/lei/Lei	andrà	he/she will go
noi	andremo	we will go
voi	andrete	you all will go
loro	andranno	they will go

Examples

• Quest'estate andrò in Sicilia. — This summer I will go to Sicily.
• Andrai all'università a settembre? — Will you go to university in September?
• Andranno a vivere all'estero. — They will go to live abroad.

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Full Conjugation: Fare (To Do / To Make)